Softeners
Water drawn from deep aquifers contains substances of various kinds, which, in particular, may include calcium and magnesium bicarbonates that can be transformed into insoluble salts thus causing serious problems to piping and filtration systems (scaling).
These bicarbonates remain in a state of equilibrium with carbonates and with carbon dioxide. As the temperature of the water rises, a part of the carbon dioxide is freed, disturbing the former balance and transforming the bicarbonates into carbonates (poorly soluble substances) that tend to precipitate, thus giving rise to limescale. The process is accelerated in the case of salts concentration in reverse osmosis systems.
To overcome this problem artificial softening resins are adopted. These resins are organic polymers that have a "mobile" functional group, that is a group presenting a chemical balance between the resin and the ions dissolved in the water.
Once the water containing calcium and magnesium bicarbonates passes through the resin, these cations exchanged in place of the sodium present in the resin, which is released into the water.
Obviously, at a certain point the resin will remain without sodium ions available to exchange calcium and magnesium. It will thus be necessary to effect a "regeneration" of sodium ions. This is achieved by causing water containing a high concentration of sodium ions to pass through the resin in order to tip the balance towards the reconstruction of resin in sodium form.
Softeners are in fact used to "soften" the water with the ion-exchange resins. These devices are simple containers filled with resins through which the water to be softened will be passed.
As explained above, the water softener must allow for the regeneration of the resins and for this reason there are different types.
TA provides the client with a complete range of water softeners according to their requirements.
These range from the simplest types, with an opening through which salt is directly brought into contact with the resins (and with water subsequently supplied to slowly dissolve it), to fully-automatic processes, including:
These bicarbonates remain in a state of equilibrium with carbonates and with carbon dioxide. As the temperature of the water rises, a part of the carbon dioxide is freed, disturbing the former balance and transforming the bicarbonates into carbonates (poorly soluble substances) that tend to precipitate, thus giving rise to limescale. The process is accelerated in the case of salts concentration in reverse osmosis systems.
To overcome this problem artificial softening resins are adopted. These resins are organic polymers that have a "mobile" functional group, that is a group presenting a chemical balance between the resin and the ions dissolved in the water.
Once the water containing calcium and magnesium bicarbonates passes through the resin, these cations exchanged in place of the sodium present in the resin, which is released into the water.
Obviously, at a certain point the resin will remain without sodium ions available to exchange calcium and magnesium. It will thus be necessary to effect a "regeneration" of sodium ions. This is achieved by causing water containing a high concentration of sodium ions to pass through the resin in order to tip the balance towards the reconstruction of resin in sodium form.
Softeners are in fact used to "soften" the water with the ion-exchange resins. These devices are simple containers filled with resins through which the water to be softened will be passed.
As explained above, the water softener must allow for the regeneration of the resins and for this reason there are different types.
TA provides the client with a complete range of water softeners according to their requirements.
These range from the simplest types, with an opening through which salt is directly brought into contact with the resins (and with water subsequently supplied to slowly dissolve it), to fully-automatic processes, including:
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time based automatic processes;
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volume based automatic processes;
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time-volume based automatic processes.
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